Month: May 2023

Imagination & Goal Attainment

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Today we will explore how imagination helps your goal attainment. Many of us may have encountered advice on how to achieve our goal: “imagine how happy you will be when you attain your goal!” Could this be true? Or could this act of imagination backfire? Read this post to learn more about the effects of imagination on goal attainment!

  1. What is Imagination & Creativity?
  2. What are the Effects of Imagination?
  3. How To Imagine Effectively?
  4. Summary

What is Imagination & Creativity?

First, let’s define what creativity, imagination, and fantasy means. Throughout the article, we will focus on using imagination for productivity.

  • Definition of creativity: creativity is defined as the generation of ideas that are original and valuable. Creativity relies on imagination.
  • Definition of Imagination: According to Merriam-Webster, imagination means “power of forming a mental image of something … never wholly perceived in reality,” or simply, “a creation of the mind.”
  • Definition of fantasy: fantasy is a process of creating something unrealistic in response to psychological need. It is distinct from imagination in a sense that while the imagination is related to reality, fantasy is related to unreality.

What are the Effects of Imagination?

As Albert Einstein said, “imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand, while imagination embraces the entire world, and all there ever will be to know and understand.”

  • Imagination and goal attainment:
    • A 2017 study on imagining carrying out a task successfully helps improve a performance by improving self-regulatory behavior. Similarly, a study found that learners imagining a procedure or concept performs better than learners studying the material.
    • A 2000 study on school children aged 8-12 years showed that those who mentally elaborated a desired academic future and present reality were more likely to stick to their goal commitments than those who either only indulged in the desired future or merely dwelling on the present.
    • Another experiment in the same study showed that specifying where, when and how they would start goal pursuit were comparatively more successful in meeting their goal.
    • It also showed that connecting anticipated situations with goal-directed behaviors (such as if-then statements) than merely thinking about opportunities to act makes the children more likely to act on their goals.
  • Imagination and mental health:
    • What could be the effect of goal-directed imagination on mental health? A 2021 study on 153 adults showed that goals that were more attainable, under control, and expected to bring more joy and had imaginations with more clarity, detail, and positivity had higher well-being and lower depressive symptoms.
    • Depressed individuals may have more negative, overgeneralized, and imprecise imagination. A 2013 study explains that points out that depressed individuals are more likely to give fewer examples of positive, detailed, and specific future events than non-depressed individuals.
  • Imagination and memory:
    • One of the types of memories is a visual memory. It is no surprising then that visual memory is associated with imagination. An MRI study (? source) points out that process of imagining can improve retaining short-or-long-term memories.
    • A 2015 study showed that for those aged more than 85 years old, cognitive stimulation therapy that incorporates imagination and creativity may also reduce risk of memory problems.
  • Social effects (interpersonal relationship quality)
    • A 2014 study showed that daydreaming about a others whom the daydreamer had a high quality relationship was associated with increased happiness, love, and connection
    • A 2013 study found that imagination can also boost a relationship between a certain brand and a consumer. Whether having similar brand improve the relationships between people have not been studied yet.

How To Imagine Effectively?

Have you ever had a writer’s block, where you cannot come up with an innovative topic to write about even as you wish you come up with something to write about? One of the reasons why we face a writer’s block could be because we were not intrinsically motivated to write. According to the Imagination Institute at the University of Pennsylvania, individuals who are intrinsically motivated tend to be more creative; those who engage in creative activities for the sake of the activities themselves are better able to come up with original and valuable ideas. Wanting to help others may also increase the likelihood of becoming more creative.

  • Activities to boost imagination
    • Question: instead of passively consuming information, actively ask questions validity of the information. Ownership of ideas can help improve imagination
    • Investigate: actively seek out information for your need for your purpose
    • Collaborate: to promote multidisciplinary thinking, work with people from different backgrounds, exchanging and probing information
    • Experiment: using the information at hand, explore new possibilities and discuss with collaborators what could be new ways to apply the knowledge
    • Reflect: creative writing, self-reflection, listening to inspiring non-lyrical music, immersing into creative films/book can boost your imagination. Taking a walk or meditating could be helpful too.
  • Other activities
    • A 2009 study found that staring at color blue may help improve more imagination, while staring at color red may increase likelihood of paying more attention to details.

Summary

We have explored the benefits of imagination in attaining goals, improve memory, and steps that we can easily take to boost imagination and creative activity. Imagination can be a way to proactively create one’s own life path. If you feel you would benefit from proactively constructing your future, try boosting your imagination!

Disclaimer: This web post is for information purposes. If you have medical needs, please contact your primary care physician.

Benefits of Walking

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During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, most of us would admit to gaining a pound or two because of staying at home and restrictions on going to the gym. But did you realize that just taking a walk around your neighborhood can have a beneficial effect on your health? This post will describe the health effects of simple walking.

  1. What is Walking?
  2. How Do You Walk?
  3. What are the Benefits of Walking?
  4. Summary

What is Walking?

Walking is a type of cardiovascular activity that increases blood flow and reduces blood pressure. With increased blood flow, oxygen and hormones like endorphins can circulate throughout the body.

Walking is different from standing still. A 2020 study comparing quasi-static standing and walking found that while standing increases the likelihood of lower leg swelling and muscle fatigue, walking did not.

Walking is different from running. A 2006 study investigating the physiological and kinematic difference between the two forms of location found the key difference is that of the timing of each phase of locomotion.

The appropriate walking pace is a metabolic equivalent (MET) of 3.0 – 6.0, or 2.5 – 4.2 mph.

How Do You Walk?

Before the walk: before you set out to walk, a few steps of preparation can make your walk more enjoyable.

  1. Plan your route. Before you head out, planning ahead of time where you want to visit will make your walk more rewarding. If you want to walk without a plan, remember that disappointments are part of the process! Keep walking, and you will find the enjoyable journey of walking. Also, make sure that the neighborhood is safe. If you have a reward at the end of your trip, such as ice cream at the end of the walk, it will make your journey more rewarding! Sidewalks are generally recommended; if there is a school, a public park, or even a shopping mall nearby, give them a try!
  2. Protect yourself. Make sure to wear sunscreen and sunglasses if it is hot outside. Bringing a small backpack to pack your sanitary items and water bottle can be helpful!
  3. Wear your gear. Wear comfortable shoes wear. If it is hot outside, wearing shoes has a soft cushion and ventilation can be helpful! If it is cold outside, make sure to wear something that will help you prevent from slipping. Wear a smartwatch that can track your walk progress if you’d like.
  4. Stretch. Before you head out, stretching can help you prevent injuries such as falls and slipping.

During the walk: Mayo Clinic outlines simple tips on how to walk effectively:

  1. Keep your head up. Look forward, not towards the ground.
  2. Keep your neck, shoulders, and back relaxed, not stiff.
  3. Tighten your stomach muscle slightly to keep your back straight.
  4. Start each step rolling from hill to toe.

After the walk, rehydrate or have a light snack, such as a banana, to refuel. Write about any thoughts that you had during your walk.

What are the Benefits of Walking?

Improving Cognitive Level & Mood

Walking, in general, is more beneficial than not walking. However, walking outdoors is recommended compared to walking indoors. An ECG study conducted in 2018 showed that walking outdoors instead of indoors has a higher likelihood and more extended period of “meditative state.” In 2020, another study compared physical exercise with walking in nature and found that walking in nature lowered cortisol (stress hormone) levels and improved mood.

Preventative Effect

Studies have found protective effects of walking by reducing the risk of diabetes, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. The 2018 Physical Activity Guideline for Americans recommends walking at least 150-300 minutes(2.5h-5h)/week. Walking can help improve body weight, teeth cavities, and diabetes by lowering cravings for sweet things like chocolate. It can even influence the gene expressions related to obesity to reduce the likelihood of obesity, according to a 2006 study. American Cancer Society found that women who walked> 7 hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancer than those who walked < 3 hours per week. Another study showed that those who walked 20 minutes daily for at least 5 days a week had 43% lower sick days.

Summary

Walking is a simple activity that many people can engage in. There are a few steps that you can take to make this experience more efficient and pleasurable. It is one of the examples where you can find significant health effects with gradual effort. Try taking a walk today!

Disclaimer: This web post is for information purposes. If you have medical needs, please contact your primary care physician.

Types of Meditation

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You may have heard about the benefits of meditation. But what exactly is a meditation and where does it come from? In this post, we will explore types of meditation and their roots.

  1. Meditation Type – Format
  2. Meditation Type – How To
  3. Meditation Type – Origin
  4. Summary

Meditation Type – Format

There are two large types of meditation: guided vs. unguided meditations. It is recommended that beginners try guided meditation with an experienced teacher that can be trusted. Meditation can be done 1:1 or in a group.

  • Guided meditation: a teacher guides you through the basic steps of the practice
  • Unguided meditation: meditate alone, without someone else explaining the process, paying attention to the body and thoughts for a set period.

Meditation Type – How To

For non-religious purpose, there are common meditation techniques you can use.

  • Focused breathing:
    1. Close your eyes and keep your spine straight
    2. Notice the inhalation and exhalation of your breath
    3. Pay attention to the end of each breath
    4. Count 1 to 10, inhaling at odd numbers, exhaling at even numbers
    5. If your mind wanders com back to observing breath
  • Box breathing: helps with mind and body relaxation in stressful times
    1. inhale for 4 seconds
    2. hold breath for 4 seconds
    3. exhale for 4 seconds
    4. hold breath for 4 seconds
    5. repeat 12-15 times
  • Body scan: helps with syncing mind and body by performing a mental scan from top of the head to the end of the toes. Bringing attention to any sensations, tensions, aches, or discomforts as they are.
  • Noting: during breathing technique or visualization technique, you can “note” your distraction. Labeling the distraction as a thought or emotion can help restore awareness, and helps you letting go of distractions.
  • Visualization: this technique can help you maintain a certain type of emotion such as warmth and kindness. An example involves mentally visualizing a bright warm light at a certain body point and spreading the feeling throughout the body.
  • Loving kindness: is used to strengthen feeling of kidness, compassion, and acceptance. Kindness is wishing good things to happen to the person. It starts first with self and the spreading the loving kindness to others. It involves visualizing a person and mentally visualizing a warm and good emotion.
  • Compassion: similar to kindness, compassion is hoping bad things will not happen to the person. It involves focosing on the person and paying attention to the sesations that arises.
  • Reflection: this technique involves asking questions using the second person perspective such as “what are you most grateful for?” and reflecting on the question while paying attention to the feelings that arise in response to the question.

Meditation Type – Origin

Although most people will recognize what meditation involves – closing eyes and sitting still – there is no concrete definition of what “meditation” is. There is an ongoing debate within the scientific community on the definition of meditation. The roots of meditative practices can be traced back to religious origins.

  • Buddhist traditional meditations: Buddhists have diverse meditative practices varying by each school for their goal of awakening and nirvana. Their main practices focused on body contemplations and mindful breathing. Some of the main/popular Buddhist school of meditation are as following:
    • Theravāda tradition: focuses on Vipassana and Samantha techniques (later explained)
    • Tibetan tradition: focuses on visualization techniques
    • Sarvastivada-tradition: turns the attention away from the objects of experience to the nature of mind. Zen-tradition meditation draws from Sarvastivada-tradition meditation.
  • Secular meditation practices often use the following two types of Buddhist meditation (Theravāda tradition):
    • Vipassana (insightful) meditation: this type of meditation aims to develop wisdom and compassion. It involves focusing on the breath and awareness of all the physical and mental sensations that arise.
    • Samantha (calming) meditation: this type of meditation aims to create a quieter and more peaceful state of mind. Calming meditation involves focusing on the breath, a mantra, a visualization, a physical object, or a sensation in the body and returning to this sensation when the mind starts to wander.
  • Hinduism traditional meditation: Hinduism meditation also has many schools. Studies on various types of yoga meditation such as Ananda Marga yoga, Tantric yoga, and Kundalini yoga have been shown physiological effects on relaxations. Chakra meditation, which focuses on seven points of center of energy, also draws from hinduism and Buddhism tradition.
  • Tao traditional meditation: includes qiqong meditation, a Chinese meditation that involves harnessing energy in the body to either send the energy inward for self healing or outward to help heal another person.
  • Christian (Contemplative Prayer): One of the Christian prayers includes Roman Catholic church’s rosary prayer.
  • Judaism (kabbalistic practice): kabbalah is a range of Jewish mystical activity to gain a deeper religious understanding
  • Islam (Sufi dhikr) traditional meditation: dhikr is incorporated as a formal technique that also seeks to gain a focused attention for deeper religious undertsanding.
  • Transcendental meditation: was founded by Maharishi Mahesh in 1950s. It is taught one-on-one by instructors trained and licensed by Maharishi foundation. It involves twice a day 20 minute meditation.

Summary

We explored the traditional roots and types of meditations. While this is not an exhaustive list of meditation descriptions, we hope that this post has helped understand and explore where meditation practices come from, and which meditation type to choose for your needs! We also encourage double-checking our sources!

Disclaimer: This web post is for information purposes. If you have medical needs, please contact your primary care physicia

Sandbox

RalphLeave a comment

I had doubted before,
but now I am starting to believe
in imagination.
a world that appeared
like a giant wall of mountains,
I flew over it over an afternoon nap.
from an ice-cold fjord
to a vast dry desert,
from a leisurely relaxed sunset view
to a shadowed corner in concrete jungle,
from ever-lasting solitude
to transcendental meeting of a soulmate,
all were possible.
so let me give it a try again.
and believe in imagination.

5.27.2023

Shyness: What We Can Do About It

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Socialization plays an important role in maintaining physical health as well as mental health. However, socialization can be challenging for some people who have particular difficulty with meeting new people. In this post, we will discuss what shyness is, what we can do to overcome shyness, and what are benefits to overcoming shyness.

  1. What Is Shyness?
  2. Where Does Shyness Come From?
  3. What Can We Do About Shyness?
  4. Summary

What Is Shyness?

Shyness is defined as a predisposition to be concerned about others’ social evaluation. This predisposition leads to being sensitive to rejection, avoiding any potential for criticism, and keeping a low profile from initiating actions that may call attention to themselves.

Shyness differs from social anxiety disorder and social anxiety by the intensity of stress one gets in a social situation. Social anxiety disorder is a mental health condition involving persistent fear of rejection and criticism from others in its most intense form. Social anxiety has less to the extent intensity but more than regular shyness.

Where Does Shyness Come From?

While some shy individuals may attribute their shyness to their natural predisposition, it may stem from a social environment. For example, living in a strict environment for orderliness and enforcing vertical relationships may lead to shaming those who do not follow conventional mannerisms, make mistakes, or defy orders from superiors. Or, an individual simply may not have had the opportunity to learn social skills because of their busy academic or career life.

Whether shyness comes from an innate tendency or is learned from the environment is unclear. Jerome Kagan, a Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, found that the tendency for shyness is an inherited biological trait that can be detected in infants at 4 months of age. Some argue both genetic inheritance and learning from the environment play partial roles.

Carl Jung, a founding figure of analytical psychology, is attributed to defining introversion and extroversion, characteristics incorporated in a widely popular metric called Myers-Briggs Type Indicator created by Isabel Briggs Myers. The description of introversion and extroversion has helped create a perception that both are healthy variations of personality styles.

What Can We Do About Shyness?

Even though being shy is nothing to be shy about, you may be interested in overcoming shyness. There are a few easy steps that you can take to face your shyness.

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy. A study on group-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBGT) has shown short-to-medium-term efficacy for social anxiety disorder (SAD), anxiety, and depression. A study on internet-based CBT programs to address shyness program has shown to be cost-effective.
  • Reduce alcohol intake. Some individuals may try to mask their shyness with the help of alcohol intoxication. However, a study has shown that individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD) have a higher tendency to be shy during hangovers, which may lead to more alcohol use.
  • Reduce adolescent caffeine consumption. A study has shown that caffeine consumption during adolescence increases the expression of mRNA in the amygdala, which may increase the likelihood of anxiety-related disorders through dysregulation of the neuroendocrine stress response system.
  • Try a healthy diet. According to a systematic review study, there are benefits to taking probiotics for anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and memory disorders.

Summary

While it is okay to be shy, there are multiple ways that you can overcome your shyness. It takes an incremental effort to change, but little by bit, you can explore more social relationships and have higher self-confidence in interpersonal relationships by taking these measures.

This post was inspired by Health Life Guru and Health Tips Now. Please check them out!

Disclaimer: This web post is for information purposes. If you have medical needs, please contact your primary care physician.